Machine for creasing the joints of books



March 28, 1939. c. SCHRAMM MACHINE FOR CREASING THE JOINTS OF BOOKS Filed Feb. 12, 1937 6 Sheets-Sheet l llilllllllllu March 28,1939. SCHRAMM MACHINE FOR CREASING THE JOINTS OF BOOKS 6 SheetsSheet 2 Filed Feb. 12, 1937 March 28, 1939. c. SCHRAMM MACHINE FOR CHEASING THE JOINTS OF BOOKS Filed'Feb. 12, 1937 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 March 28, 1939. SC-ZHRAMM MACHINE FOR CEEASING THE JOINTS OF BOOKS Filed Feb. 12, 1957 6 Sheets-Sheet 4- lhm W March 28, 1939. c SCHRAMM 2151,99

MACHINE FOR CREASING THE JOINTS OF BOOKS Filed Feb. 12, 1937 av ill I I 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 March 28, 1939. c. SCHRAMM MACHINE FOR CREASING THE JOINTS OF BOOKS Filed Feb. 12, 1957 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 51,0 casing-in machines. reciprocated simultaneously,

:20 sheets between the outer sheets of signatures and sirably is a set lat-e tranged to press 20 5 The object of the present invention is to promaybtterrieac ntata-taste rolls and while .25

FA E-NT FFEE CHINE FOR CREASING JOINTS QE- BOOKS Carl Schramrn, North Coventry, Conn, assignor to The Smyth ManufacturingGofifianil'fiartford, Conn, a corporation of'conn''c'ticu't Application February 12, 1937, Serial No. 125,443 24 Claims. Cl 11-?) This invention relates to mechanism for creaspressure to cut or mar the material of the covers, ing the joints of books after the covers have been and. not hot'enpug'h nor in'contact' long enough applied. The mechanism is particularly adaptato scorch ,or discolor the material of the covers, ble to be combined in and to co -act in conjuncbut the accumulated total pressure and heat 5 tion with the mechanism of automatic casing-in resu ng from' thesuccessiveengagements of the 7; machines which are employed in binderies that ,creaser jaws vvith the covers is adequate to set produce large numbers of books, although it is, the creases. of course, valuable for use in small binderies, and T ere are shown sir; sets of carrier jaws which also can be designed for use independently of arebpen'ed' and closed simultaneously'andlare and five "sets of "It is common practice to glue crash and paper dresser jaws immers opened and closed simulto the backs of stitched signatures for strengthta eq slyl The se Fi zy 1 5 ee ve ening the backs and then paste the waste leaves the books and advance them to the first set of and apply the covers. Following this beaded creaser jaws. '1 second set of carrier jaws take 5 press boards are inserted between the books and the book's to the secod of creaser jawsand the books stacked in presses and subjected to n t s hlafll' ief-j he are hystep adpressure for several hours until the adhesive has varietal-j. the set carrier jaws dishardened and the joints are set. It has been charge books at ,the' delivery end of the proposed to insert dry adhesive-impregnated machine! ht lt iefi st r asin ,sfiail nl h r idetheir covers, and then press the books between sides iofgthe books, andthie .ppqrjs' re p ref ably eing transfer d and creasediby' heated plates until the covers are secured to the sustained'while n a 1. P be? and i g ide at ,a .casing in machine thebooks the joints by a single pressure of heated bars. When bi ed 1n lining sheets. It has also been proposed to crease a be vide mechanism which will render unnecessary the hovers are be ng Ql b 15035116v fi the commonlyempioyed press and will obviate the carrier has 'lby a v fiCahV reeir grecatory plate, use of press boards, and thereby make available a a; pars moved uhder the edges tdhold them for other purposes the space occupied by a press, t eifi xq f fi g jaw 5TB 5 a d the .30 save the cost of boards, eliminate the labor of pie .piesq ngis. i I

inserting boards between the books and stacking J5 e' c oh panying drawings Fig. l shows a the books in and removing them from .a press, e elevat on a machine that einbodies'the save-the'hours lost while the books are in a press, i, ention. F' 2, 9h large scale, is a section render unnecessary any extra adhesive sheets, i l e 11- fi f l l i rb h h 5 and save time .and avoid the danger of damage 15,931 fla h b q h ro had ts 1 resulting from the time and heat required when Jb fi but a single creasing pressure is applied. This p rted ,by the parrier jaws between the creaser invention, when combined in a casing-in machine, jaws. Fig. 3 is a plan View of two sets of carrier not only effects the economies mentioned but jaws and themeans by which they are opened 40 produces more uniform and stronger joints than a qq- 4 i 5 fiei m 9D 1 4- 4 On so those resulting from the old practices, and .as a F i g. 3- ;Ffig. 5 is an enlarged detail section on plurality of books are being treated at the same ne v5+ OI IY E g- 3- i 5 is a i fil l/332 0f time the output is large. the m for opening and closing the car- The mechanism illustrated for attaining the ear jaws. l is aplanvieyv of a carrier jaw object set forth has means which subsequent to sect on witha pqrtiqnhrqken away. Fig. Bis a the application of the covers to the hooks and. S d elev ti oft emechanis rfcr repiprocating before the adhesive has set, feed the books in the carrier jaws, Eig- 9-isan enlarged-top view succession to sets of carrier jaws that areclosed f a p r on of he rie jaw r a broken upon the books and moved forward for advancaw y in hQI Q s il i f OW i guiding ing the books to creaser jaws andopened for ro l ler s i fjgflo is altransverse sectioni'on line releasing the books and then moved backward til-:1}! v onlFig. 9. Fig; ll is a plan view of two i for following books. The creaser jaws are opened sets of creaser jaws, and the mechanism for opento receive and release the books and closed to ing and closing these jaws. Fig. 12 isatop view crease the joints. There being a plurality of sets of a creaser gawyvith portions cut in sectionon of creaser jaws each set does not exert sufficient line I;2- l2 (in-Fig. 13, andthecover of the heating unit removed. Fig. 13 is a section on line Iii-i3 on Fig. 12. Fig. 14 is a section of a presser plate on line I l-i lon Fig. 15. Fig. 15 is a section on line iE-l5 on Fig. 14. Fig. 16 is a front elevation of the mechanism for opening and closing the creaser jaws. Fig. 17 is a vertical section on line i'l-l'l on Fig. 16. Fig. 18 is a transverse section on line |8-i3 on Fig. 16.

In the mechanism illustrated the stitched books 30 are opened and placed by hand or fed by suitable mechanism onto a vertically movable saddle plate St. The upward movement of this plate lifts the books into the plane of the carrier jaws 32 and creaser jaws 33. In their upward movement the books pass between rolls 3% which apply paste to their outer leaves and into covers 35 which are folded down against the pasted leaves, Fig. 2.

One edge of the plate is secured to a vertical slide 36 which is shown as connected by a link 31 to a lever 38 that is oscillated by a cam 39 on the shaft 40, Fig. 1. Before the plate descends the lower ends of pivoted arms 4i swing in be neath the lower edges and retain the books in the plane in which they are to be carried through the machine, Figs. 1 and 2. As the plate is withdrawn and the books are supported by the arms the first set of carrier jaws are closed against their sides.

Each set of the carriers illustrated is composed of six jaws 32, three on one side of the book path and three on the other side. These jaws are movable in and out in ways formed between gibs @3 that are fastened to the upper surfaces of longitudinally movable carriages 44, Figs. 3 and 4. The carriages are supported by fixed bars 45 which extend longitudinally of the machine, Figs. 4 and 6. Movable longitudinally in the carriages are slides 46 that extend on each side, beneath all of the sets of carrier jaws. The slides have cam slots 47 in which are pins or rolls &8 connected to the carrier jaws, Fig. 3. As the slides 46 are reciprocated the cam slots impart in and out movements simultaneously to all of the carrier jaws.

Attached to the slides 46 are plates 49 that are engaged by the upper ends of angle levers 5d, the lower ends of which levers are engaged in elongated slots 5! in bars 52. The levers 58 are pivoted to brackets 53 that are fastened to the carriages 44, Figs. 3, 4, and 6. The ends of the bars 52 have cam slots 54 into which extend pins or rolls 55 that are mounted on the longitudinal frame bars 45 so that at the proper times during the longitudinal movements of the bars 52 these bars will be lifted and lowered and so oscillate the levers 58 as to cause the slides 46 to reciprocate and their slots to give the in and out movements to the carrier jaws. The bars 52 are engaged by rocker arms 57 that are attached to a shaft 58 mounted in the side frames 56 (Fig. 4). The shaft 58 also has a rocker arm 5Q that is connected by a link 60 with an angle lever 6i which is oscillated by a cam 62 on the shaft 4E1. By this means the carrier jaws at the proper times are moved in against and out away from the books. To cushion the pressure of the carrier jaws against the books the pins or rolls 48 may be loosely connected with the carrier jaws and springs 63 arranged to yield as the carrier laws are pushed against the books (Fig. 7).

The carriages 44 which support the carrier jaws and the slides 48, extend longitudinally of the machine and are movable back and forth in ways in the frame bars 45. At suitable intervals the carriages are provided with rollers 64 that turn on horizontal axes and rollers 65 that turn on vertical axes, to relieve friction. (Figs. 8, 9 and 10.)

Two shafts 66 are supported, one on each side, by brackets 61 secured to the inside of the machine frame below the carrier jaws, and slidable on these shafts is a cross head 68, Figs. 4 and 8.

Extending upward from this cross head and having a male and female connection with blocks 69 attached to the bottom of the carriages, are posts 76, Figs. 4, and 3. A link ll connects the cross headwith the upper end of a lever '12 that is connected by a link it with a lever I l which is oscillated by a cam 2'52 on the shaft 42;, Fig. 8. By this means, at the proper times, the carriages are reciprocated parallel with the book path, and the carrier jaws being retained between the gibs 43 fastened to the carriages, are all reciprocated together longitudinally of the book path the desired distance without interference with their reciprocatory movements toward and from the book path, the long slots 55 in the bars 52 (Fig. 6) permitting such action.

The cams are so timed that the above described mechanisms cause the six sets of carrier jaws to close against a succession of books and advance the books one station, and then open and return for following books. The books during their movement travel along a supporting rail I6 and between guide rails '1'? (Fig. 4) which extend the length of the machine from the first or feed station, to the last or delivery station.

There are five sets of creaser jaws 33 arranged slightly above the carrier jaws 32 (Fig. 18) at the several stations, except the first or feed station. The creaser jaws are attached to slides which are desirably formed in two sections 78, "H3 that are connected by pins 30 and interposed springs 8! so arranged that the creasers will be cushioned when forced against the books. The forward. sections 18 are provided with electrical heating elements 82. Figs. 12 and-13. The side edges of the creaser slides are movably supported in grooves 83 in cross heads 84 that are secured to the tops of the side frames 56, Figs. 11, 17 and 18. Connected with the rear sections of the creaser slides are toggle links 85 that are jointed to toggle links 36 which are secured to shafts 8'1 that extend longitudinally and are supported by brackets attached to the cross heads. Figs. 11 and 18. By the breaking of the toggle links the creaser jaws are drawn from the book path and by the straightening of the toggle links the creaser jaws are closed and held against the books. The shafts 81 are provided with segmental gears 88 which are engaged by vertically movable racks 89. Figs. 16, 17, and 18. The lower ends of these racks are connected by links 90 with levers E! that are oscillated by cams 92 on shaft ii), Figs. 16 and 17. By this means all the creaser jaws at the same time are closed in toward the book path and opened out from the book path, the books being advanced successively between the creaser jaws when the creaser jaws are open, and the creaser jaws applying successive pressures and heat, to each covered book along the line of its joints, i. e. in lines parallel with and a short distance in from the edges of the backs of the cover and book (Fig. 2), as the covered book dwells between each of such successive advances.

Below the first set of creaser jaws are plates 93 (Fig. 18), arranged to press the sides of the books. These plates are attached to slides that are preferably made in two sections 94, 95, which are connected by pins 96 and interposed springs 91 so arranged that the plates will be cushioned when pressed against the books, Figs. 14, 15, and 18. The side edges of the plate slides are movably supported in grooves in cross plates 99 (Figs. 16 and 18) so that the plates they carry may be opened and closed. Connected with the rear sections of the plate slides are toggle links 100 jointed to toggle links Hil that are fastened to the shafts I02. On these shafts are segmental gears I03. Meshed with these segmental gears are gears I04 that are engaged with teeth of the vertical racks 89, Figs. 16, 17, and 18. As the racks go up the creaser toggles 35, 86 open upward and the creaser jaws move out and at the same time the plate toggles I00, ll open downward and the presser plates move out. When the racks go down the toggles straighten and the creaser jaws and presser plates are moved against a book.

In the machine set forth the books are transported between creasers which apply heat and pressure a plurality of times to each book. As a result of such plurality of applications the temperatures and pressures may be made quickly at degrees that will set the joints without disfiguring the material of the covers.

The degrees of temperature of all the creasers may be the same or be different, depending on the type and regulation of heaters employed. The force of pressure of the creasers may be the sameor be different according to the outlines of the closing cams. The duration of application of heat and pressure may be varied by altering the shape of the actuating cams. The shapes of the carrier jaws may be modified to conform to conditions.

The invention is not to be construed as limited to the exact details of the mechanism illustrated and described, as obvious equivalents of the elements specified, within the scope of the claims, suggest themselves without the exercise of invention.

The invention claimed is:

1. A machine for creasing the joints of books which comprises a frame, mechanism for advancing books that have their covers adhered to the sides thereof, in succession, step by step, along the frame, a plurality of pairs of reciprocatory creaser jaws supported by the frame each side of the path of the books, and arranged to engage and crease the covers in lines parallel with and a short distance in from the edges of the backs of the covers and books, mechanism for opening the pairs of creaser jaws from the path of the books, and mechanism for closing the pairs of creaser jaws against the opposite sides of the covers of the books and exerting heavy pressure along the line of their joints when the books are stationary.

2. A machine for creasing the joints of books which comprises a frame, mechanism for uniformly advancing several books that have their covers adhered to the sides thereof, in succession, step by step, along the frame, a plurality of pairs of reciprocatory creaser jaws supported by the frame each side of the path of the books, and arranged to engage and crease the covers in lines parallel with and a short distance in from the edges of the backs of the covers and books, mechanism for simultaneously opening the several pairs of creaser jaws from the path of the books, and'mechanism for simultaneously closing the severalpairs of creaserjaws against the opposite sides of the covers of the books and exerting heavy pressure along the line .of their joints when the books are stationary.

3. A machine for creasing the joints of bookswhich comprises a frame, mechanism for advancing books that have their covers adhered to the sides thereof, in succession, step by .step, along the frame, a plurality of pairs of reciprocatory creaser jaws supported by the frame each side and crease the covers in lines parallel with and a short distance from the edges of the backs of the covers and books, means for heating the creaser jaws, mechanism for opening the pairs of creaser jaws from the path of the books, and mechanism for closing the pairs of creaser jaws against the opposite sides of the covers of the books and exerting heavy pressure along the line of their joints when the books are stationary.

4. A machine for creasing the joints of books which comprises a frame, mechanism for advancing books that have their covers adhered to the sides thereof, in succession, in a straight line with their backs up, step by step, along the frame, a plurality of pairs of reciprocatory creaser jaws supported by the frame each side of the path of the books and arranged to engage and crease the covers in lines parallel with and a short distance from the edges of the backs of the :covers and books, mechanism for opening the pairs of creaser jaws from the path of the books, and mechanism for closing the pairs of creaser jaws against the opposite sides of the covers of the books and exerting heavy pressure along the line of their joints when the books are stationary.

5; A machine for creasing the joints of books which comprises a frame, a plurality of sets of carrier jaws for advancing books that have their covers adhered to the sides thereof, inssuccession,

step by step, along the frame, mechanism for opening and closing said jaw mechanism foradvancing one step each set of said jaws whenclosed, mechanism .for returning one step after each advance, each set of said jaws when opened, a plurality of pairs of creaser jaws supported by the frame along the path of the books, mechanism for opening the pairs of creaser jaws from the path of the books, and mechanism 1for'-closing the pairs of creaser jawsagainst the opposite sides of the books along the line of their joints when the books are stationary.

6. A machine for creasing the joints of books which comprises a frame, a plurality of pairs of units each composed of a number of independently removable carrier jaws for advancing books that have their covers adhered to the sides thereof, in succession, step by step, along the frame, mechanism for opening and closing *said jaws, mechanism for advancing one step each set of said jaws when closed, mechanism for returning one step after each advance, each set of said jaws when opened, a plurality of pairs of reciprocatory creaser jaws supported by-the frame along the path of the books, mechanismfor opening the pairs of creaser jaws from the path. of the books, and mechanism for closing the pairs of creaser jaws against the opposite :sides of the books along the line of their jointswhenthe books are stationary.

7. A machine for creasing the joints of books that have their covers adhered thereto, which comprises a frame, a plurality of pairs ,of book carrier jaws movably mounted on said frame, reciprocating mechanism for intermittently coincidently opening and .coincidently closing said of the path of the books and arranged to engage I plurality of pairs of carrier jaws, reciprocating mechanism for intermittently coincidently advancing one step and coincidently returning one step said pairs of carrier jaws, a plurality of pairs of joint creaser jaws movably mounted on the frame, and mechanism for intermittently coincidently opening and coincidently closing said pairs of creaser jaws, said carrier jaws intermittently advancing the books step by step between the creaser jaws and said creaser jaws applying successive pressures to the books when the books are stationary.

8. A machine for creasing the joints of books that have their covers adhered to the sides thereof, which comprises a frame, a plurality of pairs of book carrier jaws movably mounted on the frame, mechanism for opening and closing and for advancing and returning said pairs of carrier jaws, a plurality of pairs of joint creaser jaws movably mounted on the frame, mechanism for opening and closing said pairs of creaser jaws, said carrier jaws intermittently advancing the books between the creaser jaws and the creaser jaws applying successive pressures to each book when the books are stationary, plates mounted independently of the carrier jaws on each side of the path of the books for pressing the sides of the books, and mechanism for closing and opening said plates when the books are stationary.

9. A machine for creasing the joints of books that have their covers adhered to the sides thereof, which comprises a frame, a plurality of pairs of book carrier jaws movably mounted on the frame, mechanism for opening and closing and for advancing and returning said pairs of carrier jaws, a plurality of pairs of joint creaser jaws movably mounted on the frame, mechanism for opening and closing said pairs of creaser jaws, said carrier jaws intermittently advancing the books between the creaser jaws and the creaser jaws applying successive pressures to each book, presser plates mounted on the frame independently of the carrier jaws and movable toward and from opposite sides of the path of the books, adjacent to the first pair of creaser jaws, and mechanism for pressing said plates against the books and releasing the plates from the books when the books are stationary.

10. A machine for creasing the joints of books that have their covers adhered to the sides thereof, which comprises a frame, a plurality of pairs of book carrier jaws movably mounted on the frame, mechanism for opening and closing and for advancing and returning said pairs of carrier jaws, a plurality of pairs of joint creaser jaws movably mounted on the frame, mechanism for opening and closing said pairs of creaser jaws, said carrier jaws intermittently advancing the books between the creaser jaws and the creaser jaws applying successive pressures to each book, presser plates movable independently of the carrier jaws toward and from opposite sides of the path of the books, adjacent to the first pair of creaser jaws, said presser plates being formed of outer and inner sections with cushioning means arranged between the sections, and mechanism for pressing said plates against the books when the books are stationary.

11. A machine for creasing the joints of books that have their covers adhered to the sides thereof, which comprises a frame, a plurality of pairs of book carrier jaws movably mounted on the frame, mechanism for opening and closing and for advancing and returning said pairs of carrier jaws, a plurality of pairs of joint creaser jaws movably mounted on the frame, mechanism for opening and closing said pairs of creaser jaws, said carrier jaws intermittently advancing the books between the creaser jaws and the creaser jaws applying successive pressures to the books when the books are stationary, presser plates movable independently of the carrier jaws from opposite sides toward and from the path of the books, adjacent to the first set of creaser jaws, and connected mechanisms for coincidently opening and closing the creaser jaws and opening and closing the presser plates when the books are stationary.

12. A machine for creasing the joints of books which comprises a frame, a plurality of complementary pairs of opening and closing creasing jaws movably mounted on the frame, mechanism for intermittently advancing books that have their covers adhered to the sides thereof, in succession between said plurality of pairs of creaser jaws when opened, a plurality of adjustable toggle means for closing the pairs of creaser jaws against opposite sides of the covers of the books a distance in from the edges of the backs of the covers and books and along the line of their joints, and mechanism for actuating said toggle means when the books are stationary.

13. A machine for creasing the joints of books which comprises a frame, a plurality of pairs of book carrier jaws movably mounted on the frame, mechanism for opening and closing and for advancing and returning said pairs of carrier jaws, a plurality of pairs of joint creaser jaws movably mounted on the frame, mechanism for opening and closing said pairs of creaser jaws, said carrier jaws advancing the books between the creaser jaws and the creaser jaws applying successive pressures to each book, and mechanism for elevating the backs of the books above the plane of and between the first pair of said carrier jaws.

14. A machine for creasing the joints of books which comprises a frame, a plurality of pairs of book carrier jaws movably mounted on the frame, mechanism for opening and closing and for aclvancing and returning said pairs of carrier jaws, a plurality of pairs of joint creaser jaws movably mounted on the frame, mechanism for opening and closing said pairs of creaser jaws, said carrier jaws advancing the books between the creaser jaws and the creaser jaws applying in succession a plurality of pressures to each book along the line of its joints, a vertically movable plate for elevating the backs of the books above the plane and between the first pair of said carrier jaws, and mechanism for raising and lowering said plate.

15. A machine for creasing the joints of books which comprises a frame, a plurality of pairs of book carrier jaws movably mounted on the frame, mechanism for opening and, closing and for advancing and returning said pairs of carrier jaws, a plurality of pairs of joint creaser jaws movably mounted on the frame, and mechanism for opening and closing said pairs of creaser jaws, said carrier jaws advancing the books between the creaser jaws and the creaser jaws applying successive pressures to each book along the line of its joints, means for applying adhesive to the sides of the books and folding the covers against the adhesive covered sides, and mechanism for lifting the books between said adhesive applying and cover folding means, into position to be engaged by the first pair of said carrier jaws.

16. A machine for creasing the joints of books which comprises a frame, a plurality of pairs of book carrier jaws movably mounted on the frame, mechanism for opening and closing and for advancing and returning said pairs of carrier jaws, a plurality of pairs of joint creaser jaws movably mounted on the frame, mechanism for opening and closing said pairs of creaser jaws, said carrier jaws advancing the books between the creaser jaws and the creaser jaws applying successive pressures to each book along the line of its joints, vertically movable means for elevating the backs of the books above the plane of and between the first pair of said carrier jaws, mechanism for raising and lowering said elevating means, and means for supporting the books while said elevating means descends.

17. A machine for creasing the joints of books which have their covers applied and before the adhesive has set, which comprises a frame, means for applying adhesive to the sides of the books and folding the covers against the adhesive coated sides of the books, mechanism for receiving the books from the adhesive applying and cover folding means and transporting the covered books with an intermittent step by step movement along the frame, and mechanism for applying successive creasing pressures to the sides of the cover of each book a distance in from the edges of the backs of the cover and'book and along the line of its joints as it dwells between each step of its movement.

18. A machine for creasing the joints of books which comprises a frame supporting mechanism for receiving and grasping the sides of a plurality of books and transporting the books with an intermittent step by step movement along the frame, a plurality of individually heated creasers spaced from each other each side of the path of the books for applying heat and creasing pressure to the sides of the cover of each book a distance in from the edges of the backs of the cover and book along the line of its joints as it dwells between each of a plurality of its movements, and mechanism for reciprocating said creasers and their heaters toward and from the book path.

19. A machine for creasing the joints of books which have their covers applied, which comprises a frame supporting mechanism for transporting a plurality of covered books in succession along the frame with an. intermittent step by step movement, and mechanism, including a plurality of individually electrically heated creasers each side of the path of the books, for applying creasing pressures at different degrees of heat, to each book a distance in from the edges of the backs of the cover and book along the line of its joints as it dwells between each movement.

20. A machine for creasing the joints of books that have their covers applied which comprises a frame, a plurality of pairs of book carrier jaws movably mounted on the frame, mechanism for opening and closing and for advancing and returning said pairs of carrier jaws, a plurality of pairs of creaser jaws movably mounted on the frame, mechanism for opening and closing said pairs of creaser jaws, said carrier jaws advancing the books in succession between the creaser jaws and the creaser jaw operating mechanism causing the creaser jaws to apply successive pressures to the books and hold the books while the carrier jaws are released and returned to grasp following books.

21. Book creasing apparatus comprising mechanism for advancing successively books that have their covers and cover-holding adhesive applied thereto, a plurality of parts of reciprocatory creaser jaws disposed in succession at each side of the path of the covered books and arranged to engage and compress the covers and books in lines parallel with and a short distance in from the edges of the backs of the covers and books, and mechanism to reciprocate each pair of creaser jaws with respect to successive covered books so that each book is subjected to a plurality of creaser jaw compressions, said mechanism closing each pair of creaser jaws to compression position after the book, on which the respective pair is to operate at the moment, has come to rest with respect to said pair, and opening said pair to discontinue compression before the book again advances with respect to said pair.

22. Book creasing apparatus comprising mechanism for advancing successively books that have their covers and cover-holding adhesive applied thereto, a plurality of pairs of reciprocatory creaser jaws disposed in succession at each side of the path of the covered books and arranged to engage and compress the cover creases to the books in lines parallel with a short distance in from the edges of the backs of the covers and books, and mechanism to reciprocate each pair of creaser jaws with respect to successive books so that each book is subjected to a plurality of creaser jaw compressions, there being such a number of pairs of creaser jaws, and each book being subjected to such a number of creaser jaw compressions, that at the finish of the last compression on each book the adhesive at the cover creases of the respective book has hardened sufliciently to hold the cover creases in position.

23. In mechanism which creases the joints of books having the covers and cover-holding adhesive applied thereto, a plurality of pairs of carrier jaws to clasp the books outside their covers, a plurality of pairs of reciprocatory creaser jaws arranged to engage and compress the cover creases to the books in lines parallel with and a short distance in from the edges of the backs of the covers and. books, means to reciprocate the creaser jaws, and means to move the carrier jaws to present each covered book to a number of pairs of creaser jaws so that each book is subjected to a plurality of creaser jaw compressions.

24. In mechanism which creases the joints of books having the covers and cover-holding adhesive applied thereto, a plurality of pairs of carrier jaws to clasp the books outside their covers, a plurality of pairs of reciprocatory creaser jaws arranged to engage and compress the cover creases to the books in lines parallel with and a short distance in from the edges of the backs of the covers and. books, means to reciprocate the creaser jaws, means to move the carrier jaws to present each covered book successively toa number of pairs of creaser jaws so that each book is subjected to a plurality of creaser jaw compressions, and means to open each pair of carrier jaws during the compression action of the creaser jaws, so that while compressed by creaser jaws each book is relieved from compression by the carrier jaws.

CARL SCI-IRAMM. 

